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Some non-ferrous materials are also used in the iron and steel industries. For example, bauxite is used as flux for blast furnaces, while others such as wolframite, pyrolusite, and chromite are used in making ferrous alloys. [3] Important non-ferrous metals include aluminium, copper, lead, tin, titanium, and zinc, and alloys such as brass.
Such steels are not hardenable by heat treatment and are essentially non-magnetic. [2] This structure is achieved by adding enough austenite-stabilizing elements such as nickel, manganese and nitrogen. [citation needed] The Incoloy family of alloys belong to the category of super austenitic stainless steels. [3]
A plastic magnet is a non-metallic magnet made from an organic polymer. Plastic magnets could be used in computer hardware such as disc drives, as well as in medical devices such as pacemakers and cochlear implants, where the organic material is more likely to be biocompatible than its metallic counterparts. [citation needed]
A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field. An everyday example is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door. Materials that can be magnetized, which are also the ones that are strongly attracted to a magnet, are called ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic).
Diamagnetism is a property of all materials, and always makes a weak contribution to the material's response to a magnetic field. However, other forms of magnetism (such as ferromagnetism or paramagnetism ) are so much stronger such that, when different forms of magnetism are present in a material, the diamagnetic contribution is usually ...
Monel's corrosion resistance makes it ideal in applications such as piping systems, pump shafts, seawater valves, trolling wire, and strainer baskets. Some alloys are completely non-magnetic and are used for anchor cable aboard minesweepers [9] or in housings for magnetic-field measurement equipment. In recreational boating, Monel is used for ...
Although the net magnetization should be zero at a temperature of absolute zero, the effect of spin canting often causes a small net magnetization to develop, as seen for example in hematite. [citation needed] [3] The magnetic susceptibility of an antiferromagnetic material typically shows a maximum at the Néel temperature. In contrast, at the ...
Metamaterials are incarnations of materials first proposed by a Russian theorist, Victor Veselago in 1967. Nonlinear metamaterials, a type of metamaterial, are being developed in order to manipulate electromagnetic radiation in new ways. Optical and electromagnetic properties of natural materials are often altered through chemistry.