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The inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a skeletal muscle of the neck. It is the thickest of the three outer pharyngeal muscles. It arises from the sides of the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage. It is supplied by the vagus nerve (CN X). It is active during swallowing, and partially during breathing and speech.
The pharyngeal muscles (involuntary skeletal) push food into the esophagus. There are two muscular layers of the pharynx: the outer circular layer and the inner longitudinal layer. The outer circular layer includes: Superior constrictor muscle; Middle constrictor muscle; Inferior constrictor muscle
Motor – pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (CN X) which arises from the superior portion of the inferior ganglion of vagus nerve, with the neuron cell bodies of its axons residing in the nucleus ambiguus. The pharyngeal branch ramifies upon reaching the superior border of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
The recurrent laryngeal nerves supply sensation to the larynx below the vocal cords, give cardiac branches to the deep cardiac plexus, and branch to the trachea, esophagus and the inferior constrictor muscles. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, the only muscles that can open the vocal folds, are innervated by this nerve.
Stapedius muscle; Sternocleidomastoid muscle; Sternohyoid muscle; Sternothyroid muscle; Styloglossus; Stylohyoid muscle; Stylopharyngeus muscle; Suboccipital muscles; Superior auricular muscle; Superior longitudinal muscle of tongue; Superior oblique muscle; Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle; Superior rectus muscle; Superior tarsal muscle ...
Muscles of the pharynx and cheek. (Constrictor pharyngis inferior visible at bottom left.) Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the associated vessels and nerves.
The cricopharyngeal spasms ("feeling that something is stuck") occur in the cricopharyngeal part of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle, at the bottom of the throat. They cause muscle tension on the cricoid cartilage, leading to a globus feeling.
The external branch functions to stretch the vocal cords by activating the cricothyroid muscle, increasing pitch. The external laryngeal nerve gives branches to pharyngeal plexus and the superior portion of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor, and communicates with the superior cardiac nerve behind the common carotid artery.