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Peter Cooper (February 12, 1791 – April 4, 1883) was an American industrialist, inventor, philanthropist, and politician.He designed and built the first American steam locomotive, the Tom Thumb, founded the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, served as its first president, and stood for election as the Greenback Party's candidate in the 1876 presidential election.
Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury KG (28 April 1801 – 1 October 1885 [1]), styled Lord Ashley from 1811 to 1851, was a British Tory politician, philanthropist, and social reformer. He was the eldest son of the 6th Earl of Shaftesbury and Lady Anne Spencer (daughter of the 4th Duke of Marlborough ), and elder brother of Henry ...
Tom Thumb was the first American-built steam locomotive to operate on a common-carrier railroad.It was designed and constructed by Peter Cooper in 1829 to convince owners of the newly formed Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) (now CSX) to use steam engines; it was not intended to enter revenue service.
The Industrial Revolution led to a population increase, but the chances of surviving childhood did not improve throughout the Industrial Revolution, although infant mortality rates were reduced markedly. [109] [166] There was still limited opportunity for education, and children were expected to work. Employers could pay a child less than an ...
The Industrial Revolution altered the U.S. economy and set the stage for the United States to dominate technological change and growth in the Second Industrial Revolution and the Gilded Age. [28] The Industrial Revolution also saw a decrease in labor shortages which had characterized the U.S. economy through its early years. [29]
The Day the World Took Off is a Channel 4 2000 six-part documentary series about the roots of the Industrial Revolution in England.. Five historians of science and industry gathered at the University of Cambridge to discuss why the Industrial Revolution occurred in England, at the time it did.
The Industrial Revolution in the United States was advanced by the immigration of Samuel Slater from Great Britain and arrival of textile mills beginning in Lowell, Massachusetts. In the south, the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney radically increased the value of slave labor.
Old advertising display of items used in cotton textile manufacture during the industrial revolution. Rev John Dyer of Northampton recognised the importance of the Paul and Wyatt cotton spinning machine in a poem in 1757: A circular machine, of new design In conic shape: it draws and spins a thread Without the tedious toil of needless hands.