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The black Seminole culture that took shape after 1800 was a dynamic mixture of African, Native American, Spanish, and slave traditions. Adopting certain practices of the Native Americans, maroons wore Seminole clothing and ate the same foodstuffs prepared the same way: they gathered the roots of a native plant called coontie, grinding, soaking, and straining them to make a starchy flour ...
Note: In accordance with the provisions of Section 257.35(6), Florida Statutes, "Any use or reproduction of material deposited with the Florida Photographic Collection shall be allowed pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1)(b) and subsection (4), provided that appropriate credit for its use is given."
After acquisition by the U.S. of Florida in 1821, many American slaves and Black Seminoles frequently escaped from Cape Florida to the British colony of the Bahamas, settling mostly on Andros Island. Contemporary accounts noted a group of 120 migrating in 1821, and a much larger group of 300 enslaved African Americans escaping in 1823.
The modern Florida Seminole, about 17,233 at the 2010 census, Miccosukee and Traditionals descend from these survivors. [6] The Florida Seminole re-established limited relations with the United States and Florida governments in the late 19th century, and by the early 20th century were concentrated in five camps in the Everglades.
Contents: Counties in Florida with African American Historic Places Alachua - Baker - Duval - Escambia - Franklin - Lee - Leon - Miami-Dade - Monroe - Putnam - St. Johns - St. Lucie - Santa Rosa - Seminole - Volusia
U.S. Territorial Period 1821-1845 at Volusia County History; Images of the Black Seminole slave rebellion at John Horse and the Black Seminoles; Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. FL-15-4, "New Smyrna Sugar Mill (ruins), New Smyrna vicinity, Volusia County, FL", 5 photos, 4 measured drawings, 5 data pages, supplemental material
By 1814, the black population, both free and enslaved, of Florida had risen to 57%, compared to 27% in 1786. [16] The U.S. Army led increasingly frequent incursions into Spanish territory, including the 1817–1818 campaign by Andrew Jackson that became known as the First Seminole War .
John Horse, Black Seminole leader. John Horse (c. 1812–1882), [1] also known as Juan Caballo, Juan Cavallo, John Cowaya (with spelling variations) and Gopher John, [2] was a man of mixed African and Seminole ancestry who fought alongside the Seminoles in the Second Seminole War in Florida.