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Globally most fault zones are located on divergent plate boundaries on oceanic crust. This means that they are located around mid-ocean ridges and trend perpendicular to them. The term fracture zone is used almost exclusively for features on oceanic crust; similar structures on continental crust are instead termed transform or strike slip faults.
A transform fault or transform boundary, is a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal. [1] It ends abruptly where it connects to another plate boundary, either another transform, a spreading ridge, or a subduction zone. [2] A transform fault is a special case of a strike-slip fault that also forms a plate boundary.
Strike-slip tectonics or wrench tectonics is a type of tectonics that is dominated by lateral (horizontal) movements within the Earth's crust (and lithosphere).Where a zone of strike-slip tectonics forms the boundary between two tectonic plates, this is known as a transform or conservative plate boundary.
Thorough reconstruction of the Macquarie triple junction begins at 33.3 Mya, in respect to Anomaly 13o, and can be simply described as a southeastward migration of approximately 1100 km in respect to the Indo-Australian plate. [5] The total migration was largely driven by the Australian–Pacific transform boundary.
Both transform faults continue eastward and westward as inactive fracture zones. The Charlie–Gibbs fracture zone has large amounts of mid-ocean ridge igneous and metamorphic rocks. [ 3 ] : 2 At the eastern termination off shore of Newfoundland there is an igneous province found within the otherwise nonvolcanic rifted margin in the region of ...
The junction of the Queen Charlotte, Fairweather, and Transition faults is located at the southeastern tip of the Yakutat block, an oceanic plateau and microplate. [8] The southern boundary of the QCF is marked by the complex Pacific–North American–Explorer triple junction off the coast of southern British Columbia. [8]
Divergent boundary – Linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other; Extensional tectonics – Geological process of stretching planet crust; Isostasy – State of gravitational equilibrium between Earth's crust and mantle; Leaky transform fault – Transform fault producing new crust
Transform active margins are more rare, and occur when an oceanic plate and a continental plate are moving parallel to each other in opposite directions. These transform margins are often characterized by many offshore faults , which causes high degree of relief offshore, marked by islands , shallow banks, and deep basins .