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A permanent magnet synchronous generator is a generator where the excitation field is provided by a permanent magnet instead of a coil. The term synchronous refers here to the fact that the rotor and magnetic field rotate with the same speed, because the magnetic field is generated through a shaft-mounted permanent magnet mechanism, and current is induced into the stationary armature.
The sequence of events is similar for manual or automatic synchronization. The generator is brought up to approximate synchronous speed by supplying more energy to its shaft - for example, opening the valves on a steam turbine, opening the gates on a hydraulic turbine, or increasing the fuel rack setting on a diesel engine.
DTC techniques for the interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) were introduced in the late 1990s [16] and synchronous reluctance motors (SynRM) in the 2010s. [17] DTC was applied to doubly fed machine control in the early 2000s. [18] Doubly fed generators are commonly used in 1-3 MW wind turbine applications.
The rotating magnetic field is the key principle in the operation of induction machines.The induction motor consists of a stator and rotor.In the stator a group of fixed windings are so arranged that a two phase current, for example, produces a magnetic field which rotates at an angular velocity determined by the frequency of the alternating current.
A diagram with multiple synchronous machine curves; open-circuit saturation curve is the leftmost one The open-circuit saturation curve (also open-circuit characteristic, OCC) of a synchronous generator is a plot of the output open circuit voltage as a function of the excitation current or field.
Synchronous impedance curve (short-circuit characteristic curve), showing armature current as function of field current. The curve is obtained by rotating the generator at the rated RPM with the output terminals shorted and the output current going to 100% of the rated for the device (higher values are typically not tested to avoid overheating ...
Synchronous permamagnetized uses a magnetized rotor, e.g. a permanent magnet. This rotor rotates synchronously with the rotating magnetic field: if the rotor begins to lag behind the rotating field, driving torque increases and the rotor speeds up slightly until the rotor's position within the rotating field is a point where torque = drag ...
In a typical electrical grid, the basics of the voltage control are provided by the synchronous generators. These generators are equipped with automatic voltage regulators that adjust the excitation field keeping the voltage at the generator's terminals within the target range.
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