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Diaphragms are usually constructed of plywood or oriented strand board in timber construction; metal deck or composite metal deck in steel construction; or a concrete slab in concrete construction. [1] The two primary types of the diaphragm are flexible and rigid. [1]
A dog-leg staircase A quarter-landing, on a dog-leg staircase, is made into an architectural feature, by the use of arches, vaulting and stained glass. A dog-leg is a configuration of stairs between two floors of a building, often a domestic building, in which a flight of stairs ascends to a quarter-landing before turning at a right angle and continuing upwards. [1]
Lift slab construction (also called the Youtz-Slick Method) is a method of constructing concrete buildings by casting the floor or roof slab on top of the previous slab and then raising (jacking) the slab up with hydraulic jacks. This method of construction allows for a large portion of the work to be completed at ground level, negating the ...
Free design of the ground plan – commonly considered the focal point of the Five Points, with its construction dictating new architectural frameworks. [4] The absence of load-bearing partition walls affords greater flexibility in design and use of living spaces; the house is unrestrained in its internal use [2]
The name waffle comes from the grid pattern created by the reinforcing ribs. Waffle slabs are preferred for spans greater than 40 feet (12 m), because, for a given mass of concrete, they are much stronger than flat slabs, flat slabs with drop panels, two-way slabs, one-way slabs, and one-way joist slabs. [2]
Once this is defined, design code gives standard prescriptions for w/c ratio, the cement content, and the thickness of the concrete cover. This approach represents an improvement step for the durability design of reinforced concrete structures, it is suitable for the design of ordinary structures designed with traditional materials (Portland ...
The concept of stairs is believed to be 8000 years old, and are one of the oldest buildings in architectural history. [4] The oldest example of spiral stairs dates back to the 400s BC. [5] Medieval architecture saw experimentation with many different shapes, and the Renaissance even more so with varied designs. [5]
A pram ramp with tactile paving that connects a sidewalk to a road. A curb cut , curb ramp, depressed curb, dropped kerb , pram ramp, or kerb ramp is a solid (usually concrete) ramp graded down from the top surface of a sidewalk to the surface of an adjoining street. It is designed primarily for pedestrian usage and commonly found in urban ...
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