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Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical; a country's sulfuric acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. [9] Many methods for its production are known, including the contact process, the wet sulfuric acid process, and the lead chamber process. [10] Sulfuric acid is also a key substance in the chemical industry.
However, SO 3 added to concentrated sulfuric acid readily dissolves, forming oleum which can then be diluted with water to produce additional concentrated sulfuric acid. [4] Typically, above concentrations of 98.3%, sulfuric acid will undergo a spontaneous decomposition into sulfur trioxide and water H 2 SO 4 ⇌ SO 3 + H 2 O
The hydrogensulfate ion (HSO − 4), also called the bisulfate ion, is the conjugate base of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4). [59] [b] Sulfuric acid is classified as a strong acid; in aqueous solutions it ionizes completely to form hydronium (H 3 O +) and hydrogensulfate (HSO − 4) ions.
Sulfamic acid melts at 205 °C before decomposing at higher temperatures to water, sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen. [2] Sulfamic acid (H 3 NSO 3) may be considered an intermediate compound between sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), and sulfamide (H 4 N 2 SO 2), effectively replacing a hydroxyl (–OH) group with an amine (–NH 2) group at
Sodium bisulfate, also known as sodium hydrogen sulfate, [a] is the sodium salt of the bisulfate anion, with the molecular formula NaHSO 4.Sodium bisulfate is an acid salt formed by partial neutralization of sulfuric acid by an equivalent of sodium base, typically in the form of either sodium hydroxide (lye) or sodium chloride (table salt).
Tallow also has a use in printmaking, where it is combined with bitumen and applied to metal print plates to resist acid etching. The use of trace amounts of tallow as an additive to the substrate used in polymer banknotes came to light in November 2016. Notes issued in 24 countries including Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom were found ...
Weapons-grade plutonium is defined as being predominantly Pu-239, typically about 93% Pu-239. [24] Pu-240 is produced when Pu-239 absorbs an additional neutron and fails to fission. Pu-240 and Pu-239 are not separated by reprocessing. Pu-240 has a high rate of spontaneous fission, which can cause a nuclear weapon to pre-detonate.
However, pyridine-3-sulfonic acid can be obtained. Reaction with the SO 3 group also facilitates addition of sulfur to the nitrogen atom, especially in the presence of a mercury(II) sulfate catalyst. [84] [93] In contrast to the sluggish nitrations and sulfonations, the bromination and chlorination of pyridine proceed well. [2]