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  2. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Biases have a variety of forms and appear as cognitive ("cold") bias, such as mental noise, [5] or motivational ("hot") bias, such as when beliefs are distorted by wishful thinking. Both effects can be present at the same time. [7] [8]

  3. Confabulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confabulation

    Confabulation is associated with several characteristics: False verbal statements that may include autobiographical and non-personal information, such as historical facts, fairy-tales, or other aspects of semantic memory.

  4. Misinformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misinformation

    Simply delivering facts is frequently ineffective because misinformation belief is often not the result of a deficit of accurate information, [15] although individuals may be more likely to change their beliefs in response to information shared by someone with whom they have close social ties, like a friend or family member. [89]

  5. Cognitive bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias

    Belief bias: Tendency to evaluate the logical strength of an argument based on current belief and perceived plausibility of the statement's conclusion. Framing: Tendency to narrow the description of a situation in order to guide to a selected conclusion. The same primer can be framed differently and therefore lead to different conclusions ...

  6. Confirmation bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bias

    Confirmation bias (also confirmatory bias, myside bias, [a] or congeniality bias [2]) is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior beliefs or values. [3]

  7. Cognitive distortion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_distortion

    Negative belief is maintained despite contradiction by everyday experiences. Disqualifying the positive may be the most common fallacy in the cognitive distortion range; it is often analyzed with "always being right", a type of distortion where a person is in an all-or-nothing self-judgment.

  8. Derealization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derealization

    Derealization is an alteration in the perception of the external world, causing those with the condition to perceive it as unreal, distant, distorted or in other words falsified. Other symptoms include feeling as if one's environment is lacking in spontaneity, emotional coloring, and depth. [ 1 ]

  9. Bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias

    Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it. [34] The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. People also tend to ...