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The FOUR Score is a clinical grading scale designed for use by medical professionals in the assessment of patients with impaired level of consciousness.It was developed by Dr. Eelco F.M. Wijdicks and colleagues in Neurocritical care at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota.
GCS was initially used to assess level of consciousness after head injury and the scale is now used by first aid, EMS and doctors as being applicable to all acute medical and trauma patients. In hospital it is also used in chronic patient monitoring, in for instance, intensive care.
The bCAM utilizes the CAM diagnostic algorithm. The 4 core features rated with 7 items include acute onset or fluctuating course, inattention, altered level of consciousness, and disorganized thinking. 3 of the 4 features must be present for bCAM to be considered positive (1 and 2, and either 3 or 4), according to the original CAM algorithm.
Pain stimulus is a technique used by medical personnel for assessing the consciousness level of a person who is not responding to normal interaction, voice commands or gentle physical stimuli (such as shaking of the shoulders). [1]
An early warning system (EWS), sometimes called a rapid response system or track-and-trigger chart, is a clinical tool used in healthcare to anticipate patient deterioration by measuring the cumulative variation in observations, most often being patient vital signs and level of consciousness. [1]
The AVPU scale (an acronym from "alert, verbal, pain, unresponsive") is a system by which a health care professional can measure and record a patient's level of consciousness. [1] It is mostly used in emergency medicine protocols, and within first aid .
[1] [2] Scales such as the Glasgow coma scale have been designed to measure the level of consciousness. An altered level of consciousness can result from a variety of factors, including alterations in the chemical environment of the brain (e.g. exposure to poisons or intoxicants), insufficient oxygen or blood flow in the brain, and excessive ...
The Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale (British English) or the Pediatric Glasgow Coma Score (American English) or simply PGCS is the equivalent of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) used to assess the level of consciousness of child patients.