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Execution effects are visible at two levels: within the program code at a high level, and at the machine level as viewed by other threads or processing elements in concurrent programming, or during debugging when using a hardware debugging aid with access to the machine state (some support for this is often built directly into the CPU or ...
The C language actually has an additional level to its execution model, which is the order of precedence. Order of precedence states the rules for the order of operations within a single statement. The order of precedence can be viewed as stating the constraints on performing the units of work that are within a single statement.
Input dependence does not constrain the execution order of two statements, but it is useful in scalar replacement of array elements. To make sure we respect the three types of dependencies, we construct a dependency graph, which is a directed graph where each vertex is an instruction and there is an edge from I 1 to I 2 if I 1 must come before ...
The DOS/Windows spawn functions are inspired by Unix functions fork and exec; however, as these operating systems do not support fork, [2] the spawn function was supplied as a replacement for the fork-exec combination. However, the spawn function, although it deals adequately with the most common use cases, lacks the full power of fork-exec ...
The execution of multiple processes over a period of time, rather than simultaneously, is known as concurrent execution. A multiprogramming or multitasking OS is a system that can execute many processes concurrently. Multiprogramming requires that the processor be allocated to each process for a period of time and de-allocated or issued at an ...
All execution within the window is speculative (i.e., side-effects are not applied outside the CPU) until it is committed in order to support asynchronous exception handling like interrupts. This paradigm is also known as restricted dataflow [ 2 ] because instructions within the window execute in dataflow order (not necessarily in program order ...
In C++11, this technique is known as generalized constant expressions (constexpr). [2] C++14 relaxes the constraints on constexpr – allowing local declarations and use of conditionals and loops (the general restriction that all data required for the execution be available at compile-time remains).
Enforce In-order Execution of I/O (EIEIO) is an assembly language instruction used on the PowerPC central processing unit (CPU) which prevents one memory or input/output (I/O) operation from starting until the previous memory or I/O operation completed.