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Fort Cornwallis is a bastion fort in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, built by the British East India Company in the late 18th century. Named after the then Lieutenant-General The 2nd Earl Cornwallis (1738–1805), the Governor-General of Bengal at the time of the fort's construction, it is the largest standing fort in Malaysia.
The chapel is the earliest roofed structure from the colonial period surviving in Penang, with the building's first recorded use as a Christian chapel taking place in 1799, when a marriage ceremony was conducted between Martina Rozells, widow of Francis Light, founder of the British colony of Penang, and John Timmers, a Dutch merchant.
The lighthouse was constructed by the British Malaya government in 1882 as the Fort Point Lighthouse with a cost of £10,224. [1] Between 1914–1928, the lighthouse underwent renovation and its name was changed to Penang Harbour Lighthouse .
On April 16, Patriot militia companies under the command of Micajah Williamson arrived on the outskirts of Augusta, Georgia and established a fortified camp. The garrison of the town's primary fortification, Fort Cornwallis, was held by the King's Carolina Rangers commanded by Loyalist Thomas Brown, and did not immediately confront Williamson due to exaggerated reports of his troop strength.
Since its unveiling, the statue has been moved to several different locations nearby, including in front of the Penang Court building and the Penang Museum, and is currently situated in the grounds of Fort Cornwallis. In 2020 the statue was vandalised when it was splashed with red paint.
Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805) was a British Army officer, Whig politician and colonial administrator. In the United States and the United Kingdom, he is best known as one of the leading British general officers in the American War of Independence .
On June 5, 1781, he was compelled to yield Fort Cornwallis in the Second Battle of Augusta after a spirited and creative defence. [9] Nathanael Greene arranged to have him paroled and escorted to Savannah with his regular troops with the promise they would not re-enter war. Greene was afraid Brown would be killed by his troops in captivity.
Erected in 1936 to celebrate 150 years since George Town was founded, it stands at Fort Cornwallis in George Town. [6] Light Street, within the UNESCO World Heritage Site in George Town, is named after him. Convent Light Street, Penang's oldest girls' school, founded in 1852, is located along the street. [6]