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Myocardial infarction; Other names: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart attack: A myocardial infarction occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque slowly builds up in the inner lining of a coronary artery and then suddenly ruptures, causing catastrophic thrombus formation, totally occluding the artery and preventing blood flow downstream to the heart muscle.
Symptoms include chest pain or angina, shortness of breath, and fatigue. [6]A completely blocked coronary artery will cause a heart attack. [6] Common heart attack symptoms include chest pain or angina, pain or discomfort that spreads to the shoulder, arm, back, neck jaw, teeth or the upper belly, cold sweats, fatigue, heartburn, nausea, shortness of breath, or lightheadedness.
The resulting ischemia (restriction in blood supply) and oxygen shortage, if left untreated for a sufficient period of time, can cause damage or kill heart muscle tissue . Histopathology at high magnification of a normal brain neuron, and a brain infarction at approximately 24 hours on H&E stain : The neurons become hypereosinophilic and there ...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels. [3] CVDs constitute a class of diseases that includes: coronary artery diseases (e.g. angina, heart attack), heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease ...
A heart attack can cause arrhythmias, as well as permanent damage to the heart muscle. [25] Coronary ischemia resulting from coronary artery disease also increases the risk of developing heart failure. [10] Most cases of heart failure result from underlying coronary artery disease. [10]
It is specifically adapted to elicit symptoms of a possible heart attack. [2] Each letter stands for an important line of questioning for the patient assessment . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This is usually taken along with vital signs and the SAMPLE history and would usually be recorded by the person delivering the aid, such as in the "Subjective" portion of ...
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Myocardial infarction complications may occur immediately following a myocardial infarction (heart attack) (in the acute phase), or may need time to develop (a chronic problem). After an infarction, an obvious complication is a second infarction, which may occur in the domain of another atherosclerotic coronary artery, or in the same zone if ...