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The original French metric system used the litre as a base unit. The word litre is derived from an older French unit, the litron , whose name came from Byzantine Greek —where it was a unit of weight, not volume [ 2 ] —via Late Medieval Latin, and which equalled approximately 0.831 litres.
Thus, the outer diameter of a catheter in millimeters can be calculated by dividing the French size by 3. [2] For example, a catheter with a French size of 9 would have an outer diameter of approximately 3 mm. While the French scale aligns closely with the metric system, it introduces redundancy and the potential for rounding errors.
Many pre-metric units were reintroduced, with their old relations to each other, but were redefined in terms of metric units. Thus the aune was defined as 120 centimetres and the toise (fathom) as being two metres, with as before six pied (feet) making up one toise , twelve pouce (inches) making up one pied and twelve lignes making up one pouce .
Table of the measuring units used in the 17th century at Pernes-les-Fontaines in the covered market at Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of southeastern France. Although in the pre-revolutionary era (before 1795) France used a system and units of measure that had many of the characteristics of contemporary English units (or the later Imperial System of units), France still lacked a unified ...
James Clerk Maxwell played a major role in developing the concept of a coherent CGS system and in extending the metric system to include electrical units. Each variant of the metric system has a degree of coherence—the derived units are directly related to the base units without the need for intermediate conversion factors. [18]
The International System of Units, internationally known by the abbreviation SI (from French Système international d'unités), is the modern form of the metric system and the world's most widely used system of measurement. It is the only system of measurement with official status in nearly every country in the world, employed in science ...
On 7 April 1795, the metric system was formally defined in French law using six units. Three of these are related to volume: the stère (1 m 3) for volume of firewood; the litre (1 dm 3) for volumes of liquid; and the gramme, for mass—defined as the mass of one cubic centimetre of water at the temperature of melting ice. [10]
In France it used to be defined as 100 livres (pounds), about 48.95 kg (108 lb), and has been redefined as 100 kg (mesures usuelles), thus called metric quintal with symbol qq. In Spain , the quintal is still defined as 100 libras , or about 46 kg (101 lb), but the metric quintal is also defined as 100 kg; [ 3 ] In Portugal a quintal is 128 ...