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Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin [f] (born Dzhugashvili; [g] 18 December [O.S. 6 December] 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician, revolutionary, and political theorist who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.
Stalin was born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili on 18 December [O.S. 6 December] 1878 [2] [a] in the town of Gori, in what is today the country of Georgia. He was baptised on 29 December [O.S. 17 December] 1878 [3] and christened Ioseb, and known by the diminutive "Soso". [4] [b] [5] His parents were Ekaterine (Keke) and Besarion Jughashvili ...
Stalin feuded with Trotsky quietly, to appear as "The Golden Centre Man". Prior to the Revolution, Trotsky frequently snubbed Stalin, mocked his lack of education, and questioned his effectiveness as a revolutionary. [12] Stalin's theory of "Socialism in One Country" was a contrast to Trotsky's "Permanent Revolution". Trotsky's downfall was ...
[95] Stalin's Politburo also issued directives on quotas for mass arrests and executions. [96] Under Stalin, the death penalty was extended to adolescents as young as 12 years old in 1935. [97] [98] [99] After that, several trials, known as the Moscow Trials, were held, but the procedures were replicated throughout the country.
Stalin's early policies pushed for rapid industrialisation, nationalisation of private industry [14] and the collectivisation of private plots created under Lenin's New Economic Policy. [15] As leader of the Politburo, Stalin consolidated near-absolute power by 1938 after the Great Purge , a series of campaigns of political murder, repression ...
Stalin, the Russians, and Their War, 1941–1945. 2004. 315 pp. Feis, Herbert. Churchill-Roosevelt-Stalin: The War they waged and the Peace they sought (1953). online free o borrow; Fenby, Jonathan. Alliance: the inside story of how Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill won one war and began another (2015). Hill, Alexander.
Stalin, however, reacted entirely negatively to this idea and, for this reason, the city retained the name Moscow. [39] Veneration of Stalin by the Soviet people for his role as the leader of the Soviet Union's victory over Nazi Germany in World War II helped to stabilize their belief in the Soviet system, a factor of which Stalin was aware ...
Stalin's rule was characterized by the forced collectivization of agriculture, rapid industrialization, and the Great Purge, which eliminated perceived enemies of the state. The Soviet Union played a crucial role in the Allied victory in World War II , but at a tremendous human cost, with millions of Soviet citizens perishing in the conflict.