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The definition of populism is a complex one as due to its mercurial nature; it has been defined by many different scholars with different focuses, including political, economic, social, and discursive features. [4] Populism is often split into two variants in the United States, one with a focus on culture and the other that focuses on economics ...
Populism's main cause for formation was the alleged loss of "free land." Many Populist leaders believed that industry and government had a vendetta to destroy the agricultural business. The last chapter on Populism explains the agricultural prosperity after the Populist revolt because city migration lessened competition that had caused farmers ...
The other four were forms of "political populism", representing populist dictatorship, populist democracy, reactionary populism, and politicians' populism. [38] She noted that these were "analytical constructs" and that "real-life examples may well overlap several categories", [ 39 ] adding that no single political movement fitted into all ...
National Populism: The Revolt Against Liberal Democracy is a 2018 book by political scientists Roger Eatwell and Matthew Goodwin, published by Pelican Books.The book attempts to explain the success of national populist movements using what the authors call a 4D model, with four variables: destruction of the national culture caused by large-scale immigration; deprivation of opportunities ...
In the 1950s, France was swept by a right-wing populist movement founded by a rural bookstore owner named Pierre Poujade.. Poujade, a Royal Air Force pilot during World War II and a powerful ...
If populist movements in 1930s and 1940s Latin America had apparent fascist overtones and based themselves on authoritarian politics, as was the case of Vargas' Estado Novo dictatorship in Brazil (1937–1945), [16] or of some of Peron's openly expressed sympathies, [17] in the 1950s populism adapted—not without considerable unease from its ...
Valence populism is associated with anti-establishment sentiment and lacks a consistent ideology, unlike left-wing or right-wing populism. Techno-populism is a variant of valence populism. The concept of valence populism was largely built by political scientist Mattia Zulianello. It has usually been found in parties in Central and Eastern Europe.
The incumbents in every single one of the 10 major countries that have been tracked by the ParlGov global research project and held national elections in 2024 were given a kicking by voters.