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Double-precision floating-point format (sometimes called FP64 or float64) is a floating-point number format, usually occupying 64 bits in computer memory; it represents a wide range of numeric values by using a floating radix point. Double precision may be chosen when the range or precision of single precision would be insufficient.
The LINPACK benchmark report appeared first in 1979 as an appendix to the LINPACK user's manual. [4]LINPACK was designed to help users estimate the time required by their systems to solve a problem using the LINPACK package, by extrapolating the performance results obtained by 23 different computers solving a matrix problem of size 100.
Floating point operations per second (FLOPS, flops or flop/s) is a measure of computer performance in computing, useful in fields of scientific computations that require floating-point calculations. [1] For such cases, it is a more accurate measure than measuring instructions per second. [citation needed]
One supports 32-bit and 64-bit integer, FP16, FP32, FP64, and transcendental math functions, and the other supports only 32-bit and 64-bit integer, FP16 and FP32. Thus the FP16 (or 16-bit integer) FLOPS is twice the FP32 (or 32-bit integer) FLOPS. Since the throughput of FP64 instructions are 2 cycles, the FP64 FLOPS is a quarter of the FP32 FLOPS.
(Quadruple-precision REAL*16 is supported by the Intel Fortran Compiler [10] and by the GNU Fortran compiler [11] on x86, x86-64, and Itanium architectures, for example.) For the C programming language , ISO/IEC TS 18661-3 (floating-point extensions for C, interchange and extended types) specifies _Float128 as the type implementing the IEEE 754 ...
Support for half precision in the x86 instruction set is specified in the F16C instruction set extension, first introduced in 2009 by AMD and fairly broadly adopted by AMD and Intel CPUs by 2012. This was further extended up the AVX-512_FP16 instruction set extension implemented in the Intel Sapphire Rapids processor.
Collection of the x87 family of math coprocessors by Intel. A floating-point unit (FPU), numeric processing unit (NPU), [1] colloquially math coprocessor, is a part of a computer system specially designed to carry out operations on floating-point numbers. [2]
AVX-512 are 512-bit extensions to the 256-bit Advanced Vector Extensions SIMD instructions for x86 instruction set architecture (ISA) proposed by Intel in July 2013, and first implemented in the 2016 Intel Xeon Phi x200 (Knights Landing), [1] and then later in a number of AMD and other Intel CPUs (see list below).