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Crystalate is an early plastic. [78] Faturan is a phenolic resin, also similar to Bakelite, that turns red over time, regardless of its original color. [79] Galalith is an early plastic derived from milk products. [80] Micarta is an early composite insulating plate that used Bakelite as a binding agent.
In the plastic-polluted waters of the Sargasso Sea, bacteria have been found that consume various types of plastic; however, it is unknown to what extent these bacteria effectively clean up poisons rather than simply release them into the marine microbial ecosystem. Plastic-eating microbes also have been found in landfills. [96]
Polythene is the world's most widespread polymer, and was first produced by ICI from 1939; many plastic bottles are made from LDPE. Polystyrene was invented in Germany in 1937. PTFE was discovered in America (New Jersey) in 1938 by Roy J. Plunkett when at DuPont. PET beverage bottles were introduced from 1973. PEEK was developed by ICI in 1977.
Since the introduction of the smoking ban in England and Wales in 2007, a "lock in" can now mean a landlord locking the pub doors and allowing smoking inside the premises. Also called a stay-back or stoppy-back in Northern England. (US: may refer to a large and highly chaperoned "sleep over" at a church, school, etc.) lodger *
Beccles is a town in England which is a center of the plastics industry; Erie, Pennsylvania is a center of the plastics industry in the United States; Oyonnax is called Plastic Valley in France; Stenungsund is a town in Sweden which is considered to be a centre for the plastic industry in Scandinavia
Duroplast is a composite thermosetting resin plastic developed by engineer Wolfgang Barthel in 1953 [2] in the German Democratic Republic. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Its production method places it in a similar family as Formica and Bakelite .
Since 2008, Japan has increased plastic recycling, but still has a large amount of plastic wrapping which goes to waste. Plastic recycling in Japan is a potential US$90 billion market. [26] It is possible to rapidly convert polyethylene to hydrogen and graphene by heating. The energy needed is much less than for producing hydrogen by electrolysis.
The currently most-consumed engineering plastic is acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), used for e.g. car bumpers, dashboard trim and Lego bricks. Engineering plastics have gradually replaced traditional engineering materials such as metal, glass or ceramics in many applications. Besides equalling or surpassing them in strength, weight, and ...