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Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing with Sensory Testing (FEESST), is essentially a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) procedure with a formal sensory test (also known as laryngopharyngeal sensory testing) protocol included used to elicit the Laryngeal Adductor Reflex (LAR) directly using air pulses or direct touch with an endoscope.
The acute form of the infection, or acute laryngitis, generally resolves without specific treatment. [1] Resting the voice and sufficient fluids may help. [1] Antibiotics generally do not appear to be useful in the acute form. [5] The acute form is common while the chronic form of the infection, or chronic laryngitis, is not. [1]
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the larynx, oropharynx and/or the nasopharynx. [4] [5] LPR causes respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheezing [6] and is often associated with head and neck complaints such as dysphonia, globus pharyngis, and dysphagia. [7]
Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction, caused by immune complexes. [2] When an antiserum is given, the human immune system can mistake the proteins present for harmful antigens . The body produces antibodies, which combine with these proteins to form immune complexes. [ 2 ]
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However, on the other end of the spectrum are people with a hypersensitive gag reflex. This hypersensitivity can lead to issues in various situations, such as swallowing a pill or large bites of food, or visiting the dentist. Hypersensitivity is generally a conditioned response, usually occurring following a previous experience.
Vocal cord paresis, also known as recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis or vocal fold paralysis, is an injury to one or both recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs), which control all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle. The RLN is important for speaking, breathing and swallowing.
A common symptom of laryngeal papillomatosis is a change in voice quality. More specifically, hoarseness is observed. [4] [5] As a consequence of the narrowing of the laryngeal or tracheal parts of the airway, shortness of breath, chronic cough and stridor (i.e. noisy breathing which can sound like a whistle or a snore), can be present.