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20 Amino Acids and their Functions. Only 20 amino acids are found in the human peptides and proteins. These naturally occurring amino acids are used by cells to synthesize peptides and proteins. They are typically identified by generic formula: H 2 NCHRCOOH. The primary difference between the 20 amino acids is a different structure of R group.
Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) are a group of three essential amino acids that play a crucial role in protein synthesis and energy production within the body. The three amino acids that make up the BCAAs are leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
Lysine is a type of amino acids that are the building blocks of proteins. It is vital for proper growth and plays an important role in the production of carnitine, which is a nutrient that transforms fatty acids into energy and lowers cholesterol levels.
Valine is one of the three branched-chain amino acids, along with Leucine and Isoleucine. This amino acid cannot be produced by your body and must be obtained through food or through supplements. Valine is important for everyday body functions and for maintaining muscles, as well as for the regulation of the immune system.
Arginine is considered a semi-essential amino acid, meaning that while the body can produce arginine on its own, there are circumstances where dietary intake becomes important. Here are some food sources rich in arginine.
Serine is recognized as a non-essential amino acid obtained from another amino acid called Glycine and is believed to be important to overall good health, both physical and mental. This amino acid is particularly essential for proper functioning of your brain and of your central nervous system.
Cysteine is known as a sulphur-containing non-essential amino acid. Being a key constituent of glutathione, this amino acid supports a lot of vital physiological functions. For example, glutathione, made from Cysteine, Glutamic acid, and Glycine, can be found in all tissues of the human body.
Leucine is considered a vital amino acid for the protein synthesis and various metabolic functions - in other words, it is an essential amino acid, which helps in regulating the blood-sugar levels, promotes the growth and the recovery of muscle and bone tissues, as well as the production of the growth hormone.
Isoleucine is actually an isomer of Leucine and is one of the three branched-chain amino acids that form so-called branched-chain amino acid family. As a matter of fact, the three amino acids (Isoleucine, Leucine, and Valine) constitute nearly 70% of all the amino acids in the body's proteins.
Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid, meaning that the human body can synthesize it from another amino acid called phenylalanine. However, certain dietary sources can provide tyrosine directly, contributing to the overall availability of this amino acid in the body.