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Hispanics have participated as members of the United States Marine Corps in the Boxer Rebellion, World War I, the American intervention in Latin America also known as the Banana Wars, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War and most recently in the military campaigns of Afghanistan and Iraq.
Hispanics, both men and women, have reached the top ranks of the Air Force, serving their country in sensitive leadership positions on domestic and foreign shores. Hispanics, however currently account for a total of 4.9% of the enlisted personnel making the United States Air Force the military branch with the lowest average of Hispanic recruits.
Hispanics, such as Seaman Philip Bazaar and Seaman John Ortega, have distinguished themselves in combat and have been awarded the Medal of Honor, the highest military decoration of the United States. Hispanics have also reached the top ranks of the navy, serving their country in sensitive leadership positions on domestic and foreign shores.
A number of Hispanics served in senior leadership positions, the highest ranking being Marine Corps Lieutenant-General Pedro Del Valle. The exact number of Hispanics serving in the US military is unknown as, at the time, Hispanics were not tabulated separately, but were generally included in the general white population census count.
From San Antonio, Texas, is senior military advisor to the Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs. She became the first Hispanic woman to command a Navy warship when she assumed command of the frigate Curts in April 2007. During a later assignment she also commanded the cruiser Bunker Hill.
The first Hispanic-American to graduate from the academy was Commodore Robert F. Lopez, Class of 1879. [5] The first Hispanic to graduate from the academy and to reach the rank of admiral was a Puerto Rican, Rear Admiral Frederick Lois Riefkohl, Class of 1911. In 1980, the USNA included Hispanic/Latino as a racial category for demographic purposes.
The three largest Hispanic groups in the United States are the Mexican-Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans. [1] [2] [3] According to the U.S. Census Bureau the estimated Hispanic population of the United States is over 50 million, or 16% of the U.S. population, and Hispanics are the nation's largest ethnic or racial minority.
Before the United States entered World War II, Hispanic Americans were already fighting on European soil in the Spanish Civil War.The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted coup d'état by parts of the army, led by the Nationalist General Francisco Franco, against the government of the Second Spanish Republic.