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The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ ˌ h ɪ m ə ˈ l eɪ. ə, h ɪ ˈ m ɑː l ə j ə / HIM-ə-LAY-ə, hih-MAH-lə-yə) [b] is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the Earth's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest.
The Tethys Himalaya is an approximately 100-km-wide synclinorium formed by strongly folded and imbricated, weakly metamorphosed sedimentary series. Several nappes, termed the "North Himalayan Nappes", [18] have also been described within this unit.
Accordingly K2 is only in the table below for reference and not shown on the map on this page. The interactive map on this page ranks Himalayan peaks above 7,500 m (24,600 ft) and is more inclusive. A peak has a different definition to a mountain and different authorities may use different definitions of either.
Hagen called them Khumbu Nappes, and Lumbasumba Nappes. [19] Arita calls it the Himalayan Gneiss Group, [16] and it lies above the MCT II, or the upper MCT. The High Himalayan Crystalline units (HHC) [20] are mainly composed of kyanite- to sillimanite-grade gneisses intruded by High Himalayan leucogranites at structurally higher levels. [21]
The main watershed between the Brahmaputra (called Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet) and the Ganges system (including all of Nepal) actually lies north of the highest ranges. Alpine, often semi-arid valleys—including Humla, Jumla, Dolpo, Mustang, Manang and Khumbu—cut between Himalayan sub ranges or lie north of them.
Lower Himalayan Range in Tansen, Nepal with the Great Himalayas in the background. The Lower Himalayan Range, also called the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal, is one of the four parallel sub-ranges of the Himalayas. [1] [2] It has the Great Himalayas to the north and the Sivalik Hills to the south.
The Great Himalayas (also known as Greater Himalayas or Himadri) is one of the four parallel sub-ranges of the Himalayas. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is the highest in altitude and extends for about 2,300 km (1,400 mi) from northern Pakistan to the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh , passing through China , Nepal , and Bhutan .
Kangchenjunga, also spelled Kanchenjunga, Kanchanjanghā and Khangchendzonga, is the third-highest mountain in the world.Its summit lies at 8,586 m (28,169 ft) in a section of the Himalayas, the Kangchenjunga Himal, which is bounded in the west by the Tamur River, in the north by the Lhonak River and Jongsang La, and in the east by the Teesta River.