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Calcitriol is a hormone and the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [8] [9] [10] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. It binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [11]
Lambda (written λ, in lowercase) is a non-SI unit of volume equal to 10 −9 m 3, 1 cubic millimetre (mm 3) or 1 microlitre (μL). Introduced by the BIPM in 1880, [ 1 ] the lambda has been used in chemistry [ 2 ] and in law for measuring volume, but its use is not recommended.
Unit anti-SS-A (Ro) < 1.0 [164] n/a: ≥ 1.0 [164] Units (U) anti-SS-B (La) < 1.0 [165] n/a: ≥ 1.0 [165] Anti ds-DNA < 30.0 [166] 30.0–75.0 [166] > 75.0 [166] International Units per millilitre (IU/mL) Anti ss-DNA < 8 [167] 8–10 [167] > 10 [167] Units per millilitre (U/mL) Anti-histone antibodies < 25 [167] n/a [167] > 25 [167 ...
Here θ is the Celsius temperature and λ the wavelength of the light at which the measurement is carried out. [2] Values for specific rotation are reported in units of deg·mL·g −1 ·dm −1, which are typically shortened to just degrees, wherein the other components of the unit are tacitly assumed. [4]
Prior to the adoption of the unit of the minim in the early 19th century, the smallest unit of fluid measure in the Apothecaries' systems of the United States customary units and pre-1824 English units was, while inexact, presumed to be equal to 1 / 60 of a fluid dram or 1 / 480 of a fluid ounce.
Molar concentration or molarity is most commonly expressed in units of moles of solute per litre of solution. [1] For use in broader applications, it is defined as amount of substance of solute per unit volume of solution, or per unit volume available to the species, represented by lowercase c {\displaystyle c} : [ 2 ]
The French scale measures and is proportional to the outer diameter of a catheter, with 1 French (Fr) defined as 1 ⁄ 3 millimeter, making the relationship: 1 mm = 3 Fr. Thus, the outer diameter of a catheter in millimeters can be calculated by dividing the French size by 3. [ 2 ]
IC 50 is a quantitative measure that indicates how much of a particular inhibitory substance (e.g. drug) is needed to inhibit, in vitro, a given biological process or biological component by 50%. [1] The biological component could be an enzyme , cell , cell receptor or microbe .