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Heart failure ( HF ), also known as congestive heart failure ( CHF ), is a syndrome caused by an impairment in the heart's ability to fill with and pump blood. Although symptoms vary based on which side of the heart is affected, HF typically presents with shortness of breath, excessive fatigue, and bilateral leg swelling. [ 3 ]
The problem is compounded by systolic and diastolic heart failure commonly coexisting when patients present with many ischemic and nonischemic etiologies of heart failure. Narrowly defined, diastolic failure has often been defined as "heart failure with normal systolic function" (i.e. left ventricular ejection fraction of 60% or more). Chagasic ...
The failure of ventricular relaxation also results in elevated end-diastolic pressures, and the end result is identical to the case of systolic dysfunction (pulmonary edema in left heart failure, peripheral edema in right heart failure). [citation needed] Diastolic dysfunction can be caused by processes similar to those that cause systolic ...
Stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood ejected by the right/left ventricle in a single contraction. It is the difference between the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and the end-systolic volume (ESV). In mathematical terms, The stroke volume is affected by changes in preload, afterload, and inotropy (contractility).
Diastolic function. In clinical cardiology the term "diastolic function" is most commonly referred as how the heart fills. [1] Parallel to "diastolic function", the term " systolic function" is usually referenced in terms of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), which is the ratio of stroke volume and end-diastolic volume. [2]
Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. [ 1] It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It represents the force that the heart generates each time it contracts. Healthy pulse pressure is around 40 mmHg. [ 1][ 2] A pulse pressure that is consistently 60 mmHg or greater is likely to be associated with ...
E/A ratio. The E/A ratio is a marker of the function of the left ventricle of the heart. It represents the ratio of peak velocity blood flow from left ventricular relaxation in early diastole (the E wave) to peak velocity flow in late diastole caused by atrial contraction (the A wave). [ 1] It is calculated using Doppler echocardiography, an ...
Cardiology. Acute decompensated heart failure ( ADHF) is a sudden worsening of the signs and symptoms of heart failure, which typically includes difficulty breathing ( dyspnea ), leg or feet swelling, and fatigue. [ 1] ADHF is a common and potentially serious cause of acute respiratory distress. The condition is caused by severe congestion of ...
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