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Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). [ 1] Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke, heart failure, kidney failure and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk ...
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are a class of medication used primarily for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. [1] [2] This class of medicine works by causing relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and decreased oxygen demand from the heart.
Bisoprolol is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines [12] and is available as a generic medication. [7] [13] In 2020, it was the 267th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. [14] [15]
Sacubitril/valsartan, sold under the brand name Entresto, is a fixed-dose combination medication for use in heart failure. It consists of the neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril and the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan. The combination is sometimes described as an "angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor" (ARNi). [ 9]
Aliskiren. Aliskiren (brand names Tekturna and Rasilez) is the first in a class of drugs called direct renin inhibitors. It is used for essential (primary) hypertension. [ 2] While used for high blood pressure, other better studied medications are typically recommended due to concerns of higher side effects and less evidence of benefit.
There are several categories of diuretics. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from the body, through the kidneys. There exist several classes of diuretic, and each works in a distinct way. Alternatively, an antidiuretic, such as vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), is an agent or drug which reduces the excretion of water in urine.
Nadolol is used to treat hypertension and for long-term treatment of angina pectoris and is approved by the FDA for these purposes. [8]It is regularly used off-label [8] for control of heart rate in people with atrial fibrillation, [9] prevention of migraine headaches; [10] prevention of bleeding veins in people with portal hypertension caused by cirrhosis; [4] and to treat people with high ...
Hydralazine. Hydralazine, sold under the brand name Apresoline among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. [ 2] This includes high blood pressure in pregnancy and very high blood pressure resulting in symptoms. [ 3] It has been found to be particularly useful in heart failure, together with isosorbide ...