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Asas tunggal Pancasila. The five tenets of Pancasila. Single principle of Pancasila ( Asas tunggal Pancasila) was a policy enacted by the New Order regime under President Soeharto starting 1983 compelling political parties and public organisations to declare the national ideology of " Pancasila, as their one and only ideological basis ". [nb 1]
Pancasila ( Indonesian: [pantʃaˈsila] ⓘ) is the official, foundational philosophical theory of Indonesia. The name is made from two words originally derived from Sanskrit: " pañca " ("five") and " śīla " ("principles", "precepts"). [ 1] It is composed of five principles: The legal formulation of Pancasila is contained in the fourth ...
The Post-Suharto era (Indonesian: Era pasca-Suharto) is the contemporary history in Indonesia, which began with the resignation of authoritarian president Suharto on 21 May 1998. Since his resignation, the country has been in a period of transition known as the Reform era (Indonesian: Era Reformasi ). [1] [2] This period has been characterised ...
Wawasan Nusantara, or Indonesian Archipelagic Vision, is the national vision of Indonesia towards their people, nation, and territory of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia (including its land and sea as well as the air and space above it) as a unity of political, economic, social, cultural, defensive and security-driven entities.
v. t. e. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam BR ( / ˈəbdʊlkəˈlɑːm / ⓘ; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th president of India from 2002 to 2007. Born and raised in a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering.
Reformasi is a political movement in Malaysia. It was initiated in September 1998 by Anwar Ibrahim, former Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, after he was sacked from his position by Malaysia's then- Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad. The movement, which began while the country hosted the Commonwealth Games, initially demanded the resignation of ...
BRICS is an intergovernmental organization comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates. Originally identified to highlight investment opportunities, [ 1] the grouping evolved into an actual geopolitical bloc, with their governments meeting annually at formal summits and coordinating ...
NT File System ( NTFS) (commonly called New Technology File System) is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Microsoft in the 1990s. [ 11][ 12][ 2] It was developed to overcome scalability, security and other limitations with FAT. [ 13]