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vehicle-kilometre (vkm [1]) as a measure of traffic flow, determined by multiplying the number of vehicles on a given road or traffic network by the average length of their trips measured in kilometres. [2] vehicle-mile (vehicle miles traveled, or VMT [1]) same as before but measures the trip expressed in miles.
Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length.. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude.
It is equal to the number of seats available multiplied by the number of miles or kilometers traveled by a vehicle. In the airline industry an available seat mile is the fundamental unit of production for a passenger-carrying airline. [2] A unit in this case is one seat, available for sale, flown one mile.
Posidonius calculated the Earth's circumference by reference to the position of the star Canopus.As explained by Cleomedes, Posidonius observed Canopus on but never above the horizon at Rhodes, while at Alexandria he saw it ascend as far as 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 degrees above the horizon (the meridian arc between the latitude of the two locales is actually 5 degrees 14 minutes).
A nautical mile is a unit of length used in air, marine, and space navigation, and for the definition of territorial waters. [2] [3] [4] Historically, it was defined as the meridian arc length corresponding to one minute ( 1 / 60 of a degree) of latitude at the equator, so that Earth's polar circumference is very near to 21,600 nautical miles (that is 60 minutes × 360 degrees).
Earth radius (denoted as R 🜨 or R E) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid (an oblate ellipsoid), the radius ranges from a maximum (equatorial radius, denoted a) of nearly 6,378 km (3,963 mi) to a minimum (polar radius, denoted b) of nearly 6,357 km (3,950 mi).
Now, to calculate gas cost per mile simply divide the total miles driven by the total cost of your last fill-up. Using the prior example, if the gas cost $2.49 per gallon, your 15-gallon fill-up ...
The shape of the Earth closely resembles a flattened sphere (a spheroid) with equatorial radius of 6378.137 km; distance from the center of the spheroid to each pole is 6356.7523142 km. When calculating the length of a short north-south line at the equator, the circle that best approximates that line has a radius of (which equals the meridian's ...