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2. Detoxification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detoxification

   The liver and kidney are naturally capable of detox, as are intracellular (specifically, inner membrane of mitochondria or in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells) proteins such as CYP enzymes. In cases of kidney failure , the action of the kidneys is mimicked by dialysis ; kidney and liver transplants are also used for kidney and liver failure ...

3. Liver - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver

   The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.

4. Liver regeneration - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_regeneration

   Liver regeneration is the process by which the liver is able to replace damaged or lost liver tissue. The liver is the only visceral organ with the capacity to regenerate. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The liver can regenerate after partial hepatectomy or injury due to hepatotoxic agents such as certain medications, toxins, or chemicals. [ 3 ]

5. Glutathione S-transferase - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione_S-transferase

   A simplified overview of MAPK pathways in mammals, organised into three main signaling modules (ERK1/2, JNK/p38 and ERK5). Although best known for their ability to conjugate xenobiotics to GSH and thereby detoxify cellular environments, GSTs are also capable of binding nonsubstrate ligands , with important cell signaling implications.

6. Xenobiotic metabolism - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenobiotic_metabolism

   Cytochrome P450 oxidases are important enzymes in xenobiotic metabolism.. Xenobiotic metabolism (from the Greek xenos "stranger" and biotic "related to living beings") is the set of metabolic pathways that modify the chemical structure of xenobiotics, which are compounds foreign to an organism's normal biochemistry, such as drugs and poisons.

7. GNMT - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNMT

   GNMT acts as an enzyme to regulate the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) (AdoHcy) [19] and participates in the detoxification pathway in liver cells. [7] GNMT competes with tRNA methyltransferases for SAM and the product, S -adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), is a potent inhibitor of tRNA methyltransferases and a ...