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  2. Muzzle energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_energy

    Muzzle energy is the kinetic energy of a bullet as it is expelled from the muzzle of a firearm. Without consideration of factors such as aerodynamics and gravity for the sake of comparison, muzzle energy is used as a rough indication of the destructive potential of a given firearm or cartridge. The heavier the bullet and especially the faster ...

  3. Table of handgun and rifle cartridges - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_handgun_and_rifle...

    MV: Muzzle velocity, in feet-per-second; ME: Muzzle energy, in foot-pounds; P: Momentum, in pound (force) (lbf) times seconds. [1] A guide to the recoil from the cartridge, and an indicator of bullet penetration potential. The .30-06 Springfield (at 2.064 lbf-s) is considered the upper limit for tolerable recoil for inexperienced rifle shooters ...

  4. 5.56×45mm NATO - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5.56×45mm_NATO

    The 5.56×45mm NATO standard SS109/M855 cartridge was designed for maximum performance when fired from a 508 mm (20.0 in) long barrel, as was the original 5.56 mm M193 cartridge. Experiments with longer length barrels up to 610 mm (24.0 in) resulted in no improvement or a decrease in muzzle velocities for the SS109/M855 cartridge.

  5. Muzzle velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity

    Muzzle velocity. Muzzle velocity is the speed of a projectile (bullet, pellet, slug, ball / shots or shell) with respect to [1] the muzzle at the moment it leaves the end of a gun 's barrel (i.e. the muzzle). [2] Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately 120 m/s (390 ft/s) to 370 m/s (1,200 ft/s) in black powder muskets, [3] to more ...

  6. .50 BMG - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.50_BMG

    The .50 BMG (.50 Browning Machine Gun), also known as 12.7×99mm NATO, and designated as the 50 Browning by the C.I.P., [1] is a .50 in (12.7 mm) caliber cartridge developed for the M2 Browning heavy machine gun in the late 1910s, entering official service in 1921. Under STANAG 4383, it is a standard service cartridge for NATO forces.

  7. .950 JDJ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.950_JDJ

    The muzzle energy of the .950 JDJ is comparable to the kinetic energy of a 2,800 pounds (1,300 kilograms) automobile traveling at 20 miles per hour (32 kilometres per hour). In a 110 lb (50 kg) rifle, this will develop well over 200 foot-pounds force (270 joules) of free recoil energy. Shooting usually involves a heavy "lead sled" or similar ...

  8. Stopping power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stopping_power

    Although higher-caliber ammunitions usually have greater muzzle energy and momentum and thus traditionally been widely associated with higher stopping power, the physics involved are multifactorial, with caliber, muzzle velocity, bullet mass, bullet shape and bullet material all contributing to the ballistics.

  9. .338 Winchester Magnum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.338_Winchester_Magnum

    Test barrel length: 24. Source (s): Accurate Powder [1] The .338 Winchester Magnum is a .338 in (8.6 mm) caliber, belted, rimless, bottlenecked cartridge introduced in 1958 by Winchester Repeating Arms. It is based on the blown-out, shortened .375 H&H Magnum. [2] The .338 in (8.6 mm) is the caliber at which medium-bore cartridges are considered ...