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  2. Graph labeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_labeling

    Harmonious labeling. A "harmonious labeling" on a graph G is an injection from the vertices of G to the group of integers modulo k, where k is the number of edges of G, that induces a bijection between the edges of G and the numbers modulo k by taking the edge label for an edge (x, y) to be the sum of the labels of the two vertices x, y (mod k ...

  3. Graceful labeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graceful_labeling

    A graceful labeling. Vertex labels are in black, edge labels in red.. In graph theory, a graceful labeling of a graph with m edges is a labeling of its vertices with some subset of the integers from 0 to m inclusive, such that no two vertices share a label, and each edge is uniquely identified by the absolute difference between its endpoints, such that this magnitude lies between 1 and m ...

  4. Harmonious labeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Harmonious_labeling&...

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirect page. Redirect to: Graph labeling#Harmonious labelings

  5. Harmonious coloring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonious_coloring

    In graph theory, a harmonious coloring is a (proper) vertex coloring in which every pair of colors appears on at most one pair of adjacent vertices. It is the opposite of the complete coloring, which instead requires every color pairing to occur at least once. The harmonious chromatic number χH(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of colors ...

  6. Graph coloring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_coloring

    Graph coloring. A proper vertex coloring of the Petersen graph with 3 colors, the minimum number possible. In graph theory, graph coloring is a special case of graph labeling; it is an assignment of labels traditionally called "colors" to elements of a graph subject to certain constraints. In its simplest form, it is a way of coloring the ...

  7. Edge-graceful labeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge-graceful_labeling

    A graph G is said to be edge-graceful if it admits an edge-graceful labeling. Examples Cycles An edge-graceful labeling of C 5. Consider the cycle with three vertices, C 3. This is simply a triangle. One can label the edges 1, 2, and 3, and check directly that, along with the induced labeling on the vertices, this gives an edge-graceful labeling.

  8. Friendship graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship_graph

    The friendship graphs F 2, F 3 and F 4. In the mathematical field of graph theory, the friendship graph (or Dutch windmill graph or n-fan) F n is a planar, undirected graph with 2n + 1 vertices and 3n edges. [1] The friendship graph F n can be constructed by joining n copies of the cycle graph C 3 with a common vertex, which becomes a universal ...

  9. Glossary of graph theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_graph_theory

    A labeled graph is a graph whose vertices or edges have labels. The terms vertex-labeled or edge-labeled may be used to specify which objects of a graph have labels. Graph labeling refers to several different problems of assigning labels to graphs subject to certain constraints. See also graph coloring, in which the labels are interpreted as ...

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