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  2. Economic surplus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_surplus

    Business portal. v. t. e. In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or total social welfare or Marshallian surplus (after Alfred Marshall), is either of two related quantities: Consumer surplus, or consumers' surplus, is the monetary gain obtained by consumers because they are able to purchase a product for a price ...

  3. Deadweight loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadweight_loss

    The area represented by the triangle results from the fact that the intersection of the supply and the demand curves are cut short. The consumer surplus and the producer surplus are also cut short. The loss of such surplus is never recouped and represents the deadweight loss.

  4. Price discrimination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_discrimination

    The consumer surplus is the area above line segment , but below the demand ... The discount represents approximately 10% of average personal budget, considering the ...

  5. Fei–Ranis model of economic growth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fei–Ranis_model_of...

    The line WW' running parallel to the X-axis is considered to be infinitely elastics since supply of labor is assumed to be unlimited at the subsistence-wage level. The square area OWEN represents the wage bill and DWE represents the surplus or the profits collected. This surplus or profit can increase if the MPL curve changes. [4]

  6. Price floor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_floor

    A government-set minimum wage is a price floor on the price of labour. A price floor is a government- or group-imposed price control or limit on how low a price can be charged for a product, [1] good, commodity, or service. It is one type of price support; other types include supply regulation and guarantee government purchase price.

  7. Sectoral balances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sectoral_balances

    A surplus balance represents a net savings or net financial asset building position (i.e., more money is flowing into the sector than is flowing out), while a deficit balance represents a net borrowing or net financial asset reducing position (i.e., more money is flowing out of the sector than is flowing into it).

  8. Supply chain surplus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_surplus

    Supply chain surplus, also known as supply chain profitability, is a common term that represents value addition by supply chain function of an organization. Jonathan Birkin also defines supply chain surplus as "the difference between the revenue generated from the customers and the overall cost across that supply chain." [2]

  9. Surplus value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surplus_value

    Capitalism. In Marxian economics, surplus value is the difference between the amount raised through a sale of a product and the amount it cost to manufacture it: i.e. the amount raised through sale of the product minus the cost of the materials, plant and labour power. The concept originated in Ricardian socialism, with the term "surplus value ...