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In cosmology, galaxy filaments are the largest known structures in the universe, consisting of walls of galactic superclusters.These massive, thread-like formations can commonly reach 50/h to 80/h megaparsecs (160 to 260 megalight-years)—with the largest found to date being the Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall at around 3 gigaparsecs (9.8 Gly) in length—and form the boundaries between ...
Star formation. Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space, sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or " star -forming regions", collapse and form stars. [1] As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC ...
Stellar structure. Cross-section of the Sun. Stellar structure models describe the internal structure of a star in detail and make predictions about the luminosity, the color and the future evolution of the star. Different classes and ages of stars have different internal structures, reflecting their elemental makeup and energy transport ...
Observations suggest that star formation efficiency in molecular gas is almost universal, with around 1% of the gas being converted into stars per free fall time. [30] In simulations, the gas is typically converted into star particles using a probabilistic sampling scheme based on the calculated star formation rate.
Solar prominence seen in true color during totality of a Solar eclipse. In solar physics, a prominence, sometimes referred to as a filament, [a] is a large plasma and magnetic field structure extending outward from the Sun 's surface, often in a loop shape. Prominences are anchored to the Sun's surface in the much brighter photosphere, and ...
A molecular cloud, sometimes called a stellar nursery (if star formation is occurring within), is a type of interstellar cloud, the density and size of which permit absorption nebulae, the formation of molecules (most commonly molecular hydrogen, H 2), and the formation of H II regions. This is in contrast to other areas of the interstellar ...
Moulton and Chamberlin suggested that a star had passed close to the Sun early in its life, causing tidal bulges, and that this, along with the internal process that leads to solar prominences, resulted in the ejection of filaments of matter from both stars. While most of the material would have fallen back, part of it would remain in orbit.
Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. An observational Hertzsprung–Russell diagram with 22,000 stars plotted from the Hipparcos Catalogue and 1,000 from the Gliese Catalogue of nearby stars. Stars tend to fall only into certain regions of the diagram. The most prominent is the diagonal, going from the upper-left (hot and bright) to the lower-right ...