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The free radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. [ 1 ] A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. [ 2 ] While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically relevant free radicals are highly ...
In 1968 it took the form and became known as the neuroendocrine theory of aging. [38] [39] [40] 1956 Denham Harman proposed the free-radical theory of aging and demonstrated that free radical reactions contribute to the degradation of biological systems. [41] The theory is based on the ideas of Rebeca Gerschman and her colleagues put forward in ...
The activity theory of aging, also known as the implicit theory of aging, normal theory of aging, and lay theory of aging, proposes that aging occurs with more positive outcomes when adults stay active and maintain social interactions as they get older. [1] Activity theory suggests that the aging process is slowed or delayed, and quality of ...
Gerontology (/ ˌ dʒ ɛr ən ˈ t ɒ l ə dʒ i / JERR-ən-TOL-ə-jee) is the study of the social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects of aging.The word was coined by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov in 1903, from the Greek γέρων (gérōn), meaning "old man", and -λογία (), meaning "study of".
Biogerontology is the sub-field of gerontology concerned with the biological aging process, its evolutionary origins, and potential means to intervene in the process. The term "biogerontology" was coined by S. Rattan, and came in regular use with the start of the journal Biogerontology in 2000. It involves interdisciplinary research on the ...
The DNA damage theory of aging proposes that aging is a consequence of unrepaired accumulation of naturally occurring DNA damage. Damage in this context is a DNA alteration that has an abnormal structure. Although both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage can contribute to aging, nuclear DNA is the main subject of this analysis.
The hallmarks of aging are the types of biochemical changes that occur in all organisms that experience biological aging and lead to a progressive loss of physiological integrity, impaired function and, eventually, death. They were first listed in a landmark paper in 2013 [1] to conceptualize the essence of biological aging and its underlying ...
Ageing (or aging in American English) is the process of becoming older. The term refers mainly to humans, many other animals, and fungi, whereas for example, bacteria, perennial plants and some simple animals are potentially biologically immortal. [ 1 ] In a broader sense, ageing can refer to single cells within an organism which have ceased ...