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Thrombocythemia. In hematology, thrombocythemia is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. Normal count is in the range of 150 × 10 9 to 450 × 10 9 platelets per liter of blood, [1] but investigation is typically only considered if the upper limit exceeds 750 × 10 9 /L. When the cause is unknown, the term ...
Evans syndrome. Evans syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which an individual's immune system attacks their own red blood cells and platelets, the syndrome can include immune neutropenia. [1][2] These immune cytopenias may occur simultaneously or sequentially. [1][3] Its overall phenotype resembles a combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia ...
Thrombophilia. An ultrasound image demonstrating a blood clot in the left common femoral vein. Thrombophilia (sometimes called hypercoagulability or a prothrombotic state) is an abnormality of blood coagulation that increases the risk of thrombosis (blood clots in blood vessels). [ 1 ][ 2 ] Such abnormalities can be identified in 50% of people ...
In hematology, essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic blood cancer (myeloproliferative neoplasm) characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. [ 3 ] It may, albeit rarely, develop into acute myeloid leukemia or myelofibrosis. [ 3 ] It is one of the blood cancers wherein the bone ...
Giant platelet disorders, also known as macrothrombocytopenia, are rare disorders featuring abnormally large platelets, thrombocytopenia and a tendency to bleeding. Giant platelets cannot stick adequately to injured blood vessel walls, resulting in abnormal bleeding when injured. Giant platelet disorder occurs for inherited diseases like ...
Leukemia (also spelled leukaemia; pronounced / luːˈkiːmiːə / [1] loo-KEE-mee-ə) is a group of blood cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and produce high numbers of abnormal blood cells. [9] These blood cells are not fully developed and are called blasts or leukemia cells. [2]
Causes. [edit] Waldenström macroglobulinemia is characterized by an uncontrolled clonal proliferation of terminally differentiated B lymphocytes. The most commonly associated mutations, based on whole-genome sequencing of 30 patients, are a somatic mutation in MYD88 (90% of patients) and a somatic mutation in CXCR4 (27% of patients). [ 11 ]
101,100 (2015) [ 9 ] Multiple myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. [ 6 ] Often, no symptoms are noticed initially. [ 10 ] As it progresses, bone pain, anemia, renal insufficiency, and infections may occur. [ 10 ]