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View/Edit Mouse. Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OPA1 gene. [5][6] This protein regulates mitochondrial fusion and cristae structure in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) and contributes to ATP synthesis and apoptosis, [7][8][9] and small, round mitochondria. [10]
More specifically, MFN2 is a dynamin-like GTPase embedded in the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) which in turn affects mitochondrial dynamics, distribution, quality control, and function. In addition to the MFN2, OPA1 regulates inner mitochondrial membrane fusion, MFN1 is a mediator of mitochondrial fusion and DRP1 is responsible for ...
Mitochondrial fusion. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with the ability to fuse and divide (fission), forming constantly changing tubular networks in most eukaryotic cells. These mitochondrial dynamics, first observed over a hundred years ago [1] are important for the health of the cell, and defects in dynamics lead to genetic disorders.
On the other hand, the process of fusion is directed by different membrane-anchored dynamin proteins at different levels of the mitochondria. [13] Fusion at the level of the outer mitochondrial membrane is mediated by Mfn1 and Mfn2 (Mitofusins 1 and 2), [15] and fusion at the level of the inner mitochondrial membrane is mediated by Opa1.
The mycotoxin phomoxanthone A, or PXA for short, is a toxic natural product that affects the mitochondria. It is the most toxic and the best studied of the naturally occurring phomoxanthones. PXA has recently been shown to induce rapid, non-canonical mitochondrial fission by causing the mitochondrial matrix to fragment while the outer ...
Dynamin itself is a 96 kDa enzyme, and was first isolated when researchers were attempting to isolate new microtubule -based motors from the bovine brain. Dynamin has been extensively studied in the context of clathrin -coated vesicle budding from the cell membrane. [3][6] Beginning from the N-terminus, Dynamin consists of a GTPase domain ...
Mitochondrial fission factor. Mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MFF gene. [5] Its primary role is in controlling the division of mitochondria. Mitochondrial morphology changes by continuous fission in order to create interconnected network of mitochondria. This activity is crucial for normal ...
Mitochondria is a dynamic structure regulating its morphology by context-dependent constant fission and fusion. Fission is crucial for mitophagy, as it cuts off a small mitochondrial part that can be further engulfed by the autophagosome. [31] The viruses Hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) take advantage of this mechanism by inducing ...