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It typically results from a hard blow to the front of the knee or falling on the knee. [1] The patella can also be fractured indirectly. For example, a sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle in the knee can pull apart the patella. [1] Diagnosis is based on symptoms and confirmed with X-rays. [3] In children an MRI may be required. [3]
The Ottawa knee rules are a set of rules used to help physicians determine whether an x-ray of the knee is needed. [1] They state that an X-ray is required only in patients who have an acute knee injury with one or more of the following: Age 55 years or older; Tenderness at head of fibula; Isolated tenderness of patella
English: Postoperative X-ray of normal knee prosthesis of a 73 year old man who had osteoarthritis.Lateral view. It shows the following measurements used for post-operative evaluation:
Date: 29 March 2019: Source: Own work: Author: Mikael Häggström, M.D. Author info - Reusing images - Conflicts of interest: None Mikael Häggström, M.D. Consent note: Written informed consent was obtained from the individual, including online publication.
Tibial plateau fractures typically presents with knee effusion, swelling of the knee or fragmentation of the tibia which leads to loss of its normal structural appearance. Blood in the soft tissues and knee joint (hemarthrosis) may lead to bruising and a doughy feel of the knee joint. Due to the tibial plateau's proximity to important vascular ...
On a lateral radiograph of the knee, an increase in the distance from the fabella to the femur or to the tibia can be suggestive of fluid or of a mass within the synovial fossa. This is of particular use in radiographic detection of knee effusions, as the cause for the effusion may obscure the subcutaneous planes on x-ray that can also be used ...
Date: 10 February 2009: Source (2009). "Unique relationship between osteophyte and femoral-tibia component size mismatch in determining polyethylene wear in primary total knee arthroplasty: a case report".
An x-ray may be performed in addition to evaluate whether one of the bones in the knee joint was broken during the injury. [9] MRI is perhaps the most used technique for diagnosing the state of the ACL, but it is not always the most reliable technique as the ACL can be obscured by blood that fills the joint after an injury. [34]