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The lactic acid produced by the bacterium curdles the milk, which then separates to form curds that are used to produce cheese. [11] Other uses that have been reported for this bacterium include the production of pickled vegetables , beer or wine, some breads, and other fermented foodstuffs like soymilk kefir , buttermilk, and others. [ 12 ]
This mixture of milk and whey is heated before enough food grade acid is added to drop the pH to the needed level (this could be some type of lactic, citric or acetic acid). Whichever type of acid is used by the cheesemaker it is important to maintain correct pH levels for the sweetness of the cheese's flavor. Some methods of mass-produced ...
Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11.Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lact (gen. lactis), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars.
Dadiah is a traditional fermented milk of West Sumatra, Indonesia prepared with fresh, raw, and unheated buffalo milk. Fermented milk products or fermented dairy products, also known as cultured dairy foods, cultured dairy products, or cultured milk products, are dairy foods that have been made by fermenting milk with lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Leuconostoc.
Leuconostoc lactis is a Gram-positive, non-motile, lactic acid bacterium that thrive best in acidic conditions and moderate temperatures. [2] [1] L. lactis is capable of acidifying culture media through lactose fermentation to pH levels of 4.0-4.1, and milk to levels below 5.4. [4]
They can be used in single-strain starter cultures, or in mixed-strain cultures with other lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Streptococcus. Special interest is placed on the study of L. lactis subsp. lactis and L. lactis subsp. cremoris, as they are the strains used as starter cultures in industrial dairy fermentations. [5]
Lactic acid is used as a food preservative, curing agent, and flavoring agent. [51] It is an ingredient in processed foods and is used as a decontaminant during meat processing. [ 52 ] Lactic acid is produced commercially by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, or lactose, or by chemical synthesis. [ 51 ]
Fermented sausage harbor a variety of lactic acid-producing bacteria and, depending on the style, occasionally fungi. Fermentation not only decreases the pH by lactic acid production, but also produces a variety of flavor compounds through lipolysis. The texture is changed by proteolysis and a reduction in water content. [4]