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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 31 January 2025. Artificial production of human speech Automatic announcement A synthetic voice announcing an arriving train in Sweden. Problems playing this file? See media help. Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for this purpose is called a speech ...
Articulatory synthesis refers to computational techniques for synthesizing speech based on models of the human vocal tract and the articulation processes occurring there. The shape of the vocal tract can be controlled in a number of ways which usually involves modifying the position of the speech articulators, such as the tongue , jaw , and lips.
Deep learning speech synthesis refers to the application of deep learning models to generate natural-sounding human speech from written text (text-to-speech) or spectrum . Deep neural networks are trained using large amounts of recorded speech and, in the case of a text-to-speech system, the associated labels and/or input text.
The source–filter model represents speech as a combination of a sound source, such as the vocal cords, and a linear acoustic filter, the vocal tract.While only an approximation, the model is widely used in a number of applications such as speech synthesis and speech analysis because of its relative simplicity.
The development of a vocoder was started in 1928 by Bell Labs engineer Homer Dudley, [5] who was granted patents for it on March 21, 1939, [6] and Nov 16, 1937. [7]To demonstrate the speech synthesis ability of its decoder section, the voder (voice operating demonstrator) [8] was introduced to the public at the AT&T building at the 1939–1940 New York World's Fair. [9]
It is generally used for speech analysis and resynthesis. It is used as a form of voice compression by phone companies, such as in the GSM standard, for example. It is also used for secure wireless, where voice must be digitized, encrypted and sent over a narrow voice channel; an early example of this is the US government's Navajo I.
Some instrumental aids to research on speech. In Report of the fourth annual round table meeting on linguistics and language teaching. Washington, D.C.: Institute of Languages and Linguistics, Georgetown University, 1953, 46-53. J. M. Borst, The use of spectrograms for speech analysis and synthesis, J. Audio Eng. Soc., 4, 14-23, 1956.
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