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Metrology is defined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) as "the science of measurement, embracing both experimental and theoretical determinations at any level of uncertainty in any field of science and technology". [15] It establishes a common understanding of units, crucial to human activity. [2]
Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events. [1] [2] In other words, measurement is a process of determining how large or small a physical quantity is as compared to a basic reference quantity of the same kind. [3]
The following is a topical outline of the English language Wikipedia articles on the topic of metrology and measurement. Metrology is the science of measurement and its application. Metrology is the science of measurement and its application.
Data collection and validation consist of four steps when it involves taking a census and seven steps when it involves sampling. [3]A formal data collection process is necessary, as it ensures that the data gathered are both defined and accurate.
In engineering and science, dimensional analysis is the analysis of the relationships between different physical quantities by identifying their base quantities (such as length, mass, time, and electric current) and units of measurement (such as metres and grams) and tracking these dimensions as calculations or comparisons are performed.
Some measure of the undisputed general importance of quantification in the natural sciences can be gleaned from the following comments: "these are mere facts, but they are quantitative facts and the basis of science." [1] It seems to be held as universally true that "the foundation of quantification is measurement." [2]
the difference between the mean of the measurements and the reference value, the bias. Establishing and correcting for bias is necessary for calibration. the combined effect of that and precision. A common convention in science and engineering is to express accuracy and/or precision implicitly by means of significant figures. Where not ...
The star is the point of interest, the reference plane is the local area (e.g. a circular area with a 5 km radius at sea level) around an observer on Earth's surface, and the reference vector points to true north. The azimuth is the angle between the north vector and the star's vector on the horizontal plane. [2]