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In the human brain, the diencephalon (or interbrain [1]) is a division of the forebrain (embryonic prosencephalon). It is situated between the telencephalon and the midbrain (embryonic mesencephalon). The diencephalon has also been known as the tweenbrain in older literature. [2]
It can be caused by a bacterial infection, such as bacterial meningitis, [17] or may be a complication of a current infectious disease such as syphilis (secondary encephalitis). [ 18 ] Other bacterial pathogens, like Mycoplasma and those causing rickettsial disease , cause inflammation of the meninges and consequently encephalitis.
TSEs in non-human mammals include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle – popularly known as "mad cow disease" – and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in deer and elk. The variant form of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in humans is caused by exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions. [4] [5] [6]
Weight loss from diencephalic syndrome. Diencephalic syndrome, or Russell's syndrome, is a rare neurological disorder seen in infants and children and characterised by failure to thrive and severe emaciation despite normal or slightly decreased caloric intake.
At their core, they represent disruptions to the intricate communication systems within the nervous system, stemming from genetic predispositions, environmental factors, infections, structural abnormalities, or degenerative processes. The impact of neurological disorders is profound and far-reaching.
In the human brain the brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. [1] The midbrain is continuous with the thalamus of the diencephalon through the tentorial notch, and sometimes the diencephalon is included in the brainstem. [2] The brainstem is very small, making up around only 2.6 percent of the brain's total ...
The most commonly used classification for this gland takes into account its location relative to the diencephalon and the third ventricle of the brain, as well as its size and shape. [40] Under these conditions, the human pineal gland is classified as type A. [ 40 ] A type A pineal gland rests proximally to the posterior section of the ...
'brain'; and the medical suffix -itis, "inflammation"), also known as herpes meningoencephalitis, is a medical condition that simultaneously resembles both meningitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, and encephalitis, which is an infection or inflammation of the brain tissue.