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Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue found within the spongy (also known as cancellous) portions of bones. [2] In birds and mammals, bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production (or haematopoiesis). [3] It is composed of hematopoietic cells, marrow adipose tissue, and supportive stromal cells.
Myeloid tissue, in the bone marrow sense of the word myeloid (myelo-+ -oid), is tissue of bone marrow, of bone marrow cell lineage, or resembling bone marrow, and myelogenous tissue (myelo-+ -genous) is any tissue of, or arising from, bone marrow; in these senses the terms are usually used synonymously, as for example with chronic myeloid ...
Stromal cells, or mesenchymal stromal cells, are differentiating cells found in abundance within bone marrow but can also be seen all around the body. Stromal cells can become connective tissue cells of any organ, for example in the uterine mucosa (endometrium), prostate, bone marrow, lymph node and the ovary.
Monocytes are produced by the bone marrow from precursors called monoblasts, bipotent cells that differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells. [5] Monocytes circulate in the bloodstream for about one to three days and then typically migrate into tissues throughout the body where they differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells .
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue).
Dominici M, Hofmann TJ, Horwitz EM (2001). "Bone marrow mesenchymal cells: biological properties and clinical applications". Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 15 (1): 28– 37. PMID 11388742. Bianco P, Riminucci M, Gronthos S, Robey PG (2001). "Bone marrow stromal stem cells: nature, biology, and potential applications ...
Histiocytes are derived from the bone marrow by multiplication from a stem cell.The derived cells migrate from the bone marrow to the blood as monocytes.They circulate through the body and enter various organs, where they undergo differentiation into histiocytes, which are part of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS).
A generally regarded valid map of B cell lymphopoiesis is as follows in sequence, in two parts with the first being in the bone marrow and the second in the spleen:. [18] The development process in the bone marrow occurs in germinal centers. In the bone marrow Pro-B; Pre-B-I; Pre-B-II large; Pre-B-II small; Imm(ature) In the spleen T1; T2/T3