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The gas constant occurs in the ideal gas law: = = where P is the absolute pressure, V is the volume of gas, n is the amount of substance, m is the mass, and T is the thermodynamic temperature. R specific is the mass-specific gas constant.
How much gas is present could be specified by giving the mass instead of the chemical amount of gas. Therefore, an alternative form of the ideal gas law may be useful. The chemical amount, n (in moles), is equal to total mass of the gas (m) (in kilograms) divided by the molar mass, M (in kilograms per mole): =.
The terms perfect gas and ideal gas are sometimes used interchangeably, depending on the particular field of physics and engineering. Sometimes, other distinctions are made, such as between thermally perfect gas and calorically perfect gas, or between imperfect, semi-perfect, and perfect gases, and as well as the characteristics of ideal gases.
It is an intermediate mathematical model, useful as a pedagogical tool when teaching physics, chemistry, and engineering. In addition, its saturation curve has an analytic solution, which can depict the liquid metals (mercury and cesium) quantitatively, and describes most real fluids qualitatively. [ 25 ]
We can solve for the temperature of the compressed gas in the engine cylinder as well, using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT (n is amount of gas in moles and R the gas constant for that gas). Our initial conditions being 100 kPa of pressure, 1 L volume, and 300 K of temperature, our experimental constant (nR) is:
For a fixed mass of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional. [2] Boyle's law is a gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, then pressure decreases and vice versa, when the temperature is held constant.
In thermodynamics, the specific volume of a substance (symbol: ν, nu) is the quotient of the substance's volume (V) to its mass (m): = It is a mass-specific intrinsic property of the substance. It is the reciprocal of density ρ and it is also related to the molar volume and molar mass:
For a given mass of an ideal gas, the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the temperature and pressure are constant. The law is named after Amedeo Avogadro who, in 1812, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] hypothesized that two given samples of an ideal gas, of the same volume and at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same ...