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Lung parenchyma showing damage due to large subpleural bullae. Parenchyma (/ p ə ˈ r ɛ ŋ k ɪ m ə /) [1] [2] is the bulk of functional substance in an animal organ or structure such as a tumour. In zoology, it is the tissue that fills the interior of flatworms. In botany, it is some layers in the cross-section of the leaf. [3]
The lungs are the largest organs in the lower respiratory tract. The lungs are suspended within the pleural cavity of the thorax. The pleurae are two thin membranes, one cell layer thick, which surround the lungs. The inner (visceral pleura) covers the lungs and the outer (parietal pleura) lines the inner surface of the chest wall. This ...
A primary pulmonary lobule is the part of the lung distal to the respiratory bronchiole. [29] Thus, it includes the alveolar ducts, sacs, and alveoli but not the respiratory bronchioles. [30] The unit described as the secondary pulmonary lobule is the lobule most referred to as the pulmonary lobule or respiratory lobule.
The pulmonary pleura covers the entire lung parenchyma. It meets the mediastinal pleura at the root of the lung ("hilum") through a smooth fold known as pleural reflection. A bell sleeve-like extension of the pulmonary pleura hanging under to the hilum is known as the pulmonary ligament.
Two or more organs working together in the execution of a specific body function form an organ system, also called a biological system or body system. An organ's tissues can be broadly categorized as parenchyma, the functional tissue, and stroma, the structural tissue with supportive, connective, or ancillary functions.
Stroma (from Ancient Greek στρῶμα 'layer, bed, bed covering') is the part of a tissue or organ with a structural or connective role. It is made up of all the parts without specific functions of the organ - for example, connective tissue, blood vessels, ducts, etc.
In humans, the left and right lungs are completely separated by the mediastinum, and there is no communication between their pleural cavities.Therefore, in cases of a unilateral pneumothorax, the contralateral lung will remain functioning normally unless there is a tension pneumothorax, which may shift the mediastinum and the trachea, kink the great vessels, and eventually collapse the ...
Once in the upper airway, the viruses may make their way into the lungs, where they invade the cells lining the airways, alveoli, or lung parenchyma. [44] Some viruses such as measles and herpes simplex may reach the lungs via the blood. [60] The invasion of the lungs may lead to varying degrees of cell death. [44]