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The normal range for hemoglobin is 13.8 to 17.2 grams per deciliter (g/dL) for men and 12.1 to 15.1 g/dL for women. [6] Low hemoglobin indicates anemia but will be normal for LID. [5] Normal serum iron is between 60 and 170 micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL). [7] Normal total iron-binding capacity for both sexes is 240 to 450 μg/dL. [6]
Iron deficiency, or sideropenia, is the state in which a body lacks enough iron to supply its needs. Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions, such as carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein, acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes, and facilitating oxygen ...
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
Iron supplements, also known as iron salts and iron pills, are a number of iron formulations used to treat and prevent iron deficiency including iron deficiency anemia. [11] [12] For prevention they are only recommended in those with poor absorption, heavy menstrual periods, pregnancy, hemodialysis, or a diet low in iron.
Intravenous iron infusions are prescribed when gastrointestinal absorption is poor or when an urgent increase in haemoglobin levels is required for severely anaemic patients, such as women in their second and third trimester of pregnancy. [7] Iron deficiency anaemia affects forty-two percent of pregnant women. [10]
A blood smear showing hypochromic (and microcytic) anemia. Note the increased central pallor of the red blood cells. Hypochromic anemia is a generic term for any type of anemia in which the red blood cells are paler than normal. (Hypo- refers to less, and chromic means colour.) A normal red blood cell has a biconcave disk shape and will have an ...
[2] [4] Atransferrinemia is characterized by anemia and hemosiderosis in the heart and liver. The iron damage to the heart can lead to heart failure. The anemia is typically microcytic and hypochromic (the red blood cells are abnormally small and pale). Atransferrinemia was first described in 1961 and is extremely rare, with only ten documented ...
In the setting of anemia, low serum ferritin is the most specific lab finding for iron-deficiency anemia. [34] However it is less sensitive, since its levels are increased in the blood by infection or any type of chronic inflammation, [ 35 ] and these conditions may convert what would otherwise be a low level of ferritin from lack of iron, into ...