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Labeling theory is closely related to social-construction and symbolic-interaction analysis. [3] Labeling theory was developed by sociologists during the 1960s. Howard Saul Becker's book Outsiders was extremely influential in the development of this theory and its rise to popularity. Labeling theory is also connected to other fields besides crime.
Howard Saul Becker (April 18, 1928 – August 16, 2023) was an American sociologist who taught at Northwestern University. Becker made contributions to the sociology of deviance, sociology of art, and sociology of music. [2] Becker also wrote extensively on sociological writing styles and methodologies. [2]
Becker maintains that the act is labeled as deviant, not the individual. [2] When labels are tied to the individual, labeling theory claims that labels develop codes of morality that spur negative stereotypes and stigma. [8] This theory presents labels and their social context as holding power and influence over lives, behavior, and ...
The term moral entrepreneur was coined by sociologist Howard S. Becker in Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance (1963) in order to help explore the relationship between law and morality, as well as to explain how deviant social categories become defined and entrenched. [1]
Howard Becker, a labeling theorist, identified four different types of deviant behavior labels which are given as: [citation needed] "Falsely accusing" an individual - others perceive the individual to be obtaining obedient or deviant behaviors. "Pure deviance", others perceive the individual as participating in deviant and rule-breaking behavior.
The most prevalent theory as it relates to primary deviance was developed in the early 1960s by a group of sociologists and was titled "labeling theory". The labeling theory is a variant of symbolic interactionism. Symbolic interactionism is "a theoretical approach in sociology developed by George Herbert Mead.
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