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The hole represents the cup and the surrounding area the disc. If the cup fills 1/10 of the disc, the ratio will be 0.1. If it fills 7/10 of the disc, the ratio is 0.7. The normal cup-to-disc ratio is less than 0.5. A large cup-to-disc ratio may imply glaucoma or other pathology. [3] However, cupping by itself is not indicative of glaucoma.
The term "disc-at-risk" refers to an optic nerve head characterized by a small cup-to-disc ratio and a crowding of optic nerve fibers. This anatomical feature is a significant factor in the development of NAION. [4] [5] Individuals predisposed to this condition typically have smaller optic discs with minimal or no cupping. This anatomical ...
Cup–disc ratio CF: Count fingers vision – state distance c/o or c.o. Complains of CT: ... Visual acuity with eye chart at Near 15.7 inches (400 mm) and without ...
It’s also worth noting that NAION appears to occur mostly in people with a pre-existing risk factor for eye damage, like a small cup-to-disc ratio. Hearing Issues Cialis has been linked to ...
Schematic diagram of the human eye, with the optic disc, or blind spot, at the lower left. Shown is a horizontal cross section of the right eye, viewed from above. A normal optic disc is orange to pink in colour and may vary based on ethnicity. [3] A pale disc is an optic disc which varies in colour from a pale pink or orange colour to white. A ...
The interpretation of fundus photographs that are glaucomatous must contain a description of the vertical and horizontal cup to disc ratio, vessel pattern, diffuse or focal pallor, asymmetry and development of the above factors. The retinal nerve fibre layer should also be studied and commented on. [23]
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends comprehensive eye examinations, including dilated fundus examination, for asymptomatic patients without risk factors for eye disease at varying frequencies based on age: every 5–10 years in adults under 40 years, every 2–4 years in adults aged 40 to 54 years, every 1–3 years in adults aged ...
The mean disc diameter (DD) is (Vertical diameter of Disc+Horizontal diameter of Disc) divided by 2. The distance between the center of the disc and the macula is DM. Interpretation: When the ratio of DM to DD is greater than 3, ONH is suspected, and when it is greater than 4, Optic Nerve Hypoplasia is definite. [11]