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The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that "provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection."
Under the Bell System monopoly (post Communications Act of 1934), the Bell System owned the phones and did not allow interconnection, either of separate phones (or other terminal equipment) or of other networks; a popular saying was "Ma Bell has you by the calls". This began to change in the landmark case Hush-A-Phone v.
Communication system An electronic communications system using electronic signals. A communications system or communication system is a collection of individual telecommunications networks systems, relay stations, tributary stations, and terminal equipment usually capable of interconnection and interoperation to form an integrated whole.
This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model.This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family.Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.
The Open Systems Interconnection protocols are a family ... Managing communication ... This level is in charge of transferring data between systems in a network ...
Network delay is a design and performance characteristic of a telecommunications network. It specifies the latency for a bit of data to travel across the network from one communication endpoint to another. Delay may differ slightly, depending on the location of the specific pair of communicating endpoints.
Catenet, a short-form of (con)catenating networks, is obsolete terminolgy for a system of packet-switched communication networks interconnected via gateways. [3]The term was coined by Louis Pouzin in October 1973 in a note circulated to the International Network Working Group, [13] [14] later published in a 1974 paper "A Proposal for Interconnecting Packet Switching Networks". [15]
A telecommunications network is a group of nodes interconnected by telecommunications links that are used to exchange messages between the nodes. The links may use a variety of technologies based on the methodologies of circuit switching, message switching, or packet switching, to pass messages and signals.