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Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, also known as the Green Book, is a compilation of terms and symbols widely used in the field of physical chemistry. It also includes a table of physical constants , tables listing the properties of elementary particles , chemical elements , and nuclides , and information about conversion ...
R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature. Note that pK a = −log(K a) and 2.303 ≈ ln(10). At 25 °C, ΔG ⊖ in kJ·mol −1 ≈ 5.708 pK a (1 kJ·mol −1 = 1000 joules per mole). Free energy is made up of an enthalpy term and an entropy term. [11] =
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The constants listed here are known values of physical constants expressed in SI units; that is, physical quantities that are generally believed to be universal in nature and thus are independent of the unit system in which they are measured. Many of these are redundant, in the sense that they obey a known relationship with other physical ...
For gases, departure from 3 R per mole of atoms is generally due to two factors: (1) failure of the higher quantum-energy-spaced vibration modes in gas molecules to be excited at room temperature, and (2) loss of potential energy degree of freedom for small gas molecules, simply because most of their atoms are not bonded maximally in space to ...
The molar gas constant (also known as the gas constant, universal gas constant, or ideal gas constant) is denoted by the symbol R or R. It is the molar equivalent to the Boltzmann constant , expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per amount of substance , rather than energy per temperature increment per particle .
This list is sorted by boiling point of gases in ascending order, but can be sorted on different values. "sub" and "triple" refer to the sublimation point and the triple point, which are given in the case of a substance that sublimes at 1 atm; "dec" refers to decomposition. "~" means approximately.
K a is variously named a dissociation constant, [3] an acid ionization constant, [2]: 668 an acidity constant [1] or an ionization constant. [2]: 708 It serves as an indicator of the acid strength: stronger acids have a higher K a value (and a lower pK a value).