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Stunted growth, also known as stunting or linear growth failure, is defined as impaired growth and development manifested by low height-for-age. [1] It is a manifestation of malnutrition (undernutrition) and can be caused by endogenous factors (such as chronic food insecurity) or exogenous factors (such as parasitic infection).
A 2008 review of malnutrition found that about 55 million children are wasted, including 19 million who have severe wasting or severe acute malnutrition. [15] In 2020, a research paper that mapped stunting, wasting, and underweight among children across 105 low- and middle-income countries found that only five countries were expected to meet ...
Generally, stunting occurs before the age of 2, with largely irreversible effects. These effects include: delayed motor development, impaired cognitive function, and poor performance in school. 27% of all children globally are stunted. Wasting - Wasting is when a child's weight is too low for their height. Wasting is caused by acute malnutrition.
In South Sudan, the prevalence of undernutrition explained by stunting, underweight and wasting in under-five children were 23.8%, 4.8% and 2.3% respectively. [31] In 28 countries, at least 30% of children were still affected by stunting in 2022. [32]
Wasting is sometimes referred to as "acute malnutrition" because it is believed that episodes of wasting have a short duration, in contrast to stunting, which is regarded as chronic malnutrition. An estimated 45 million children under 5 years of age (or 6.7%) were wasted in 2021.
Stunting is low height that results from insufficient nutrient intake, wasting is low weight which indicates body mass and fat deficit, and being underweight is a measure that includes the effects of both stunting and wasting. [9] Anaemia is quite prevalent in Africa especially among young children due mainly to a diet that is low in animal ...
Some of the features that are diagnosable in a physical exam are severe wasting and stunting, appearing abnormally thin. Wasting is calculated by measuring weight for height. If the child is 2 standard deviations from the WHO standard, they are considered wasted. Stunting is calculated the same way, however, it is based on height for age ratios.
By the early 1990s, environmental enteropathy was found to be a widespread problem affecting infants and children. [72] Today, enteric infections and diarrheal diseases like environmental enteropathy account for 760,000 deaths per year worldwide, making EE the second leading cause of death in children under five years old. [73]