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One common tone, two notes move by half step motion, and one note moves by whole step motion. Resolution in Western tonal music theory is the move of a note or chord from dissonance (an unstable sound) to a consonance (a more final or stable sounding one). Dissonance, resolution, and suspense can be used to create musical interest.
A 12-tone row has hexachordal combinatoriality with another 12-tone row if their respective first (as well as second, because a 12-tone row itself forms an aggregate by definition) hexachords form an aggregate. There are four main types of combinatoriality. A hexachord may be: Prime combinatorial (transposition) Retrograde combinatorial
More generally, a musical permutation is any reordering of the prime form of an ordered set of pitch classes [7] or, with respect to twelve-tone rows, any ordering at all of the set consisting of the integers modulo 12. [8] In that regard, a musical permutation is a combinatorial permutation from mathematics as it applies to music.
In music theory, retrograde inversion is a musical term that literally means "backwards and upside down": "The inverse of the series is sounded in reverse order." [ 1 ] Retrograde reverses the order of the motif 's pitches : what was the first pitch becomes the last, and vice versa. [ 2 ]
The notes used in music can be more complex than musical tones, as they may include aperiodic aspects, such as attack transients, vibrato, and envelope modulation. A simple tone, or pure tone, has a sinusoidal waveform. A complex tone is a combination of two or more pure tones that have a periodic pattern of repetition, unless specified otherwise.
In music, a transformation consists of any operation or process that may apply to a musical variable (usually a set or tone row in twelve tone music, or a melody or chord progression in tonal music), or rhythm in composition, performance, or analysis.
Retrograde was not mentioned in theoretical treatises prior to 1500. [2] Nicola Vicentino (1555) discussed the difficulty in finding canonic imitation: "At times, the fugue or canon cannot be discovered through the systems mentioned above, either because of the impediment of rests, or because one part is going up while another is going down, or because one part starts at the beginning and the ...
Other theorists, such as Allen Forte, further developed the theory for analyzing atonal music, [3] drawing on the twelve-tone theory of Milton Babbitt. The concepts of musical set theory are very general and can be applied to tonal and atonal styles in any equal temperament tuning system, and to some extent more generally than that.